For a long time, we have explained the high presence of women among people affected by Alzheimer’s disease with a simple reason: they live longer. But this explanation, although partially true, is now considered insufficient. The Alzheimer Research Foundation is setting the record straight with an alarming finding: the gap between women and men is much deeper and is based on complex biological mechanisms.
In a press release issued on March 16, 2026, the foundation emphasizes a sad reality: in France, 1.4 million people are living with Alzheimer’s, and nearly two-thirds are women. This proportion cannot simply be attributed to life expectancy.
Biological differences long ignored
For years, medical research has been predominantly based on male models. The result? Some female specificities have been overlooked. Today, scientists are beginning to understand better that hormones play a crucial role. The decline in estrogen levels during menopause, for example, could weaken certain cognitive functions and increase the risk of developing the disease.
In the press release, researcher Géraldine Rauchs, research director at INSERM, confirms this shift in knowledge: “Women are more affected by Alzheimer’s disease, and it is not just a matter of life expectancy. Brain aging does not follow the same trajectories by sex, and hormonal or genetic factors play an important role.” This awareness changes the way the disease is approached. It also paves the way for more targeted prevention and treatment strategies.
Another important aspect to consider: genetic and metabolic differences. Some genetic variations appear to have a more pronounced impact in women. Similarly, brain metabolism may evolve differently according to gender. These avenues, still being explored, could explain why women are more vulnerable to Alzheimer’s.
Women, also on the front line as caregivers
But the inequality does not stop there. The press release also highlights another reality: women are the majority among caregivers. Almost two-thirds of them are women, whether they are spouses, daughters, or sisters. They provide daily support, care, and also the emotional burden associated with the loss of independence of a loved one.
This dual exposure (being both more affected by the disease and more involved in caregiving) creates considerable pressure. Dr. Olivier de Ladoucette, president of the foundation, sums it up: “Women are on the front line facing Alzheimer’s, as patients but also as caregivers. This dual reality is still insufficiently recognized.” Recognition is essential, though, to adapt health policies and better support those who bear a large part of this burden.
This situation can also have consequences on the health of the caregivers themselves. Fatigue, chronic stress, isolation – all factors that can weaken their own physical and psychological balance. Again, research and support systems need to evolve to better address these issues.
Understanding to take action
In light of this observation, the Alzheimer Research Foundation calls for increased efforts. Understanding female specificities has become a priority. This involves dedicated studies, but also better public information. In this vein, the foundation unveils the second edition of its Syn’Alz review, entirely dedicated to women and Alzheimer’s.
This issue explores in detail risk factors, cognitive differences, as well as prevention strategies and therapeutic innovations. It also addresses a crucial topic: caregiver burnout. The goal is to provide insights for earlier and more effective action.
Lastly, mobilization also involves funding research. The foundation highlights the ongoing solidarity campaign, “1 Picasso for 100 euros,” the funds of which will support scientific programs. Behind this initiative lies a major objective: to improve early diagnosis, develop new treatments, and ultimately change the course of the disease.
Understanding why women are more affected is an essential step towards better prevention, better support, and, above all, better care.
