Strikes against Iran: who are the main actors in the conflict?

After the announcement on Saturday by the United States and Israel of strikes against Iran, here are the main actors involved in the conflict:

Donald Trump, President of the United States

Donald Trump, the President of the United States, has been at the center of tensions with Iran. Known for his strong stance against the Iranian regime, Trump has engaged in both diplomatic talks and military threats aimed at eliminating perceived threats from Iran. He has a history of taking a hardline approach towards Iran, withdrawing the U.S. from the international nuclear agreement in 2018.

Ali Khamenei, Supreme Leader of Iran

Ali Khamenei, the Supreme Leader of Iran, has been a key figure in shaping Iran’s nuclear program and foreign policy. Under his leadership, Iran has expanded its influence in the region and resisted pressure from the United States. Khamenei is known for his confrontational approach towards the U.S. and has expressed skepticism about diplomatic solutions.

Benjamin Netanyahu, Israeli Prime Minister

Benjamin Netanyahu, the Prime Minister of Israel, has long viewed Iran as a strategic threat to his country. He has called for military action to counter what he perceives as Iran’s nuclear ambitions and regional influence. In 2025, Israel engaged in a 12-day war with Iran, targeting nuclear facilities and missile production capabilities.

Reza Pahlavi, Exiled Son of the Last Shah of Iran

Reza Pahlavi, the exiled son of the last Shah of Iran, has emerged as a potential leader for a democratic transition in Iran. Despite living outside the country since the 1979 revolution, Pahlavi has been vocal in calling for regime change and democratic reforms in Iran.

Mohammed bin Salman, Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia

Mohammed bin Salman, the Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia, shares concerns about Iran’s destabilizing actions in the region. While initially critical of Iran, Saudi Arabia has sought to improve relations in recent years. The stability in the region is crucial for Saudi Arabia’s economic diversification efforts.

These key figures represent different perspectives and interests in the ongoing tensions between the U.S., Israel, Iran, and other regional actors. Their actions and statements continue to shape the dynamics of the conflict and its potential outcomes.